ANAEMIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH DIABETIS MELLITUS AND ITS OUTCOMES WITH COMORBIDITIES

NEED FOR STUDY 
Anemia is a global health problem which
occurs at all stages of life and effects nearly two billion people worldwide. anemia can adversely effect health of patients with DM it may have major impact on their sense of well being and their ability to work and effecting their social well being 

INTRODUCTION 

Anemia is known to contribute significantly to morbidity, causing symptoms such as lack of energy breathlessness , giddiness, poor appetite,  reduced cognitive function and reduced exercise tolerance 

For patients with DM many of whom already have an impaired quality of life Anemia contributes an unwelcome additional burden reduced hemoglobin level also identifies pt with diabetes at increased risk of adverse outcome independent of presence of severity of nephropathy in addition Anemia itself may contribute to the development of micro and macro vascular complications.
Cause of Anemia in diabetes is multi factorial including nutritional deficiencies chronic inflammation oxidative stress  drugs and advanced glycation 

Despite these facts Anemia is unrecognized and largely untreated in patients with Diabetes 

AIM

To asses the prevalence of Anemia in DM patients 
To asses prognostic significance and outcomes of Anemia in patients with Diabetes mellitus 


OBJECTIVES

To identify the factors leading to Anemia 
To asses  the potential consequences and outcomes in diabetes 
To asses benefits of correcting the Anemia in diabetes patients 

MATERIALS AND METHODS :

PLACE OF STUDY : Department of General Medicine, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally.

STUDY PERIOD : november 2023-october 2025

STUDY DESIGN : Prospective Study, Observational study

SAMPLE SIZE : 
No.of cases to be studied = 50

INCLUSION CRITERIA :

1. Patient of any gender above or equal to 14 yrs of age at the time of study 

2. Patients with Anemia and diabetes
Both men and females with diabetes and Anemia 

3. People willing to give consent for the study 



EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
1. All confirmed cases of Patients below 18 years of age

2. Patients not capable of giving consent (mentally-ill patients)

3. Patients not willing to participate in study (non-consenting patients)

4. Patients with comorbidities but no symptoms of Anemia 

METHODOLOGY 
Patients  having pallor and clinical symptoms of anaemia  with Diabetes are selected in Casuality , IPD of kamineni institute of Medical sciences Narketpally. 
consent is taken from patient after explaining about the assessment and further follow up 

Patient examination and detailed history taken 
Necessary investigations done 
Patient prognosis ,outcomes are assessment by follow up for 2 years 

PROFORMA
SERIAL NO:
NAME:
AGE:
OP/IP NO.:
EDUCATION:
OCCUPATION:
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS:
ADDRESS:

COMPLAINTS -
PALLOR 
EASY FATIGUABILITY
WEAKNESS 
BREATHLESSNESS 
POLYURIA 
POLYPHAGIA
TINGLING AND NUMBNESS IN LIMBS

 
PAST HISTORY -
Diabetes Mellitus
Hypertension
CAD
CKD

PERSONAL HISTORY -

Alcohol history
Smoking history
Appetite 
Bowel and Bladder habits
 
FAMILY HISTORY
History of similar illness in family
 
GENERAL EXAMINATION -
 PALLOR
 ICTERUS                                 
CLUBBING
CYANOSIS 
 PEDAL EDEMA
 LYMPHADENOPATHY   
JVP  
BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING/ MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE
PULSE RATE
RESPIRATORY RATE
TEMPERATURE
SATURATION
INVESTIGATIONS -
HEMOGRAM 
PERIPHERAL SMEAR 
SERUM IRON 
SR.FERRITIN 
RETIC COUNT 
Sr.LDH 
ECG
FASTING LIPID PROFILE 
RBS,  
FBS 
PPBS, 
HBA1C
RFT
LFT
USG ABDOMEN AND PELVIS 

CONSENT
I/WE, relative of the patient have read and understood the information provided in the patient information sheet and have been informed the purpose of the evaluation in the language I understand.

I am aware of the fact that I may not derive any benefit from the evaluation and that I deserve the right to opt out of the study at any point of time.

I willingly agree to participate in this study



Patients sign/thumb impression: witness sign/thumb impression

Name:

Date: 

 

Residents sign:

Resident name:

date:

OUTCOMES
Asymptomatic/Symptomatically better/Same status/died

PATIENT INFORMATION SHEET 
ENGLISH Patient Information Sheet - https://docs.google.com/document/d/

REFERENCES

1.  https://journalijcar.org/issues/study-anemia-and-diabetic-complications-patients-type-iidiabetes-mellitus-tertiary-care
2.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316589327_A_prospective_study_on_incidence_of_Anaemia_in_type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus_Patients
3.Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Risk Factors among Type 2 Diabetic
Mellitus Patients Attending Ambo Town Government Hospitals in West 
Shewa, Ethiopia
Jafe

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